Application Of R Programming In Meta-analysis.
R program is free open-source software that has packages which can be used to conduct meta-analysis. The aim of this project is to apply the packages availed by R to carry out a complete meta-analysis of various studies. The project uses the R packages Metafor and Meta to analyse the association between breast implants and detection of cancer. It has been argued or hypothesized that for women with breast implants, breast cancer detection at early stages is difficult because the implants are opaque to radio detective elements thus hindering the visibility of breast tissues in mammography.
The relative risk was the effect size used. Random-effects and mixed-effect models were the statistical methods used to analyse the association between the number of cancer cases in relation to women with breast implants and those without implants. The overall relative risk of the meta-analysis based on 12 studies was 0.9408 (95% confidence interval 0.838 to 0.9493; P=0.2993; I2=64.14%) for a non-localized stage of breast cancer at diagnosis comparing women with implants who had breast cancer and women without implants who had breast cancer. The results show that women with breast implants have a higher risk of late detection of breast cancer which may impede treatment as compared to women without breast implants. More studies are needed to make any kind of recommendation.
KEYWORDS: meta-analysis, metafor, breast cancer, breast implants, relative risk, random effect , mixed effect.