Python features many extensions that can be used for scientific needs such as maths, data science, and engineering.

SciPy: SciPy (pronounced “Sigh Pie”) is a Python-based ecosystem of open-source software for mathematics, science, and engineering.

Matplotlib: A Python 2D plotting library which produces publication quality figures in a variety of hardcopy formats and interactive environments across platforms. Matplotlib can be used in Python scripts, the Python interpreter, the Jupyter notebook, web application servers, and four graphical user interface toolkits.

Pandas: A fast, powerful, flexible and easy-to-use open source data analysis and manipulation tool.

Numpy: A library adding support for large, multi-dimensional arrays and matrices, along with a large collection of high-level mathematical functions to operate on these arrays.