Genetics is the study of genes, genetic variation, heredity and the variation of inherited characteristics in living organisms. It has proved to be a powerful approach to understanding biological systems. Because genes affect virtually every aspect of the structure and function of an organism, being able to identify and determine the role of genetics and the proteins that they encode is an important step in charting the various processes that underlie a particular character under investigation. It is interesting that geneticists study not only hereditary mechanisms, but all biological mechanisms.